Samuel segal



y s. sEGAL. KEY DUPLICATING MACHINE.

APPLCATIQN FILED SEPLZ, |918. V v l ,$307,378. l Patented June 24, 1919.

` 2 SHEETS-SHEET x. FJ. v

"W 'il |l Q Y .f 11 Y l 10 f l/vl/E/vol? 1 y Samuel SQQZLZ,

- M70/Mfrs S. S'LGAL KEY DUPLICAIINGMACHIN'E. APPLicATloN FILED sEPT.21,z91a.

Patented June 24 Duplicating Machines,l

adapter` to grip and as the master or pattern key.

TBB STATES pafrnnfr carica.

SAMUEL sEGAL, or

INC., OF NEW:YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK, N. Y., AssIeNoE, 'ro sEGAL LOCK & HARDWARE. co.,

NEW YORK.

KEY-DUPLICATING MACHINE.

Patented June 24, 1919.

Application led Septemberl, 1918.` Serial No. 255,033.

To all whom 'it may concern.'

Be itl known that L SAMUEL' SEGAL, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of New York` in the county of New York and State of New York. have invented certain new and useful Improvements `in Keyof which the followino is a specification.

Iy inventionrelates to key-duplicating machines and nioi'e particularly to .machines forduplicating ke 's for cylinder locks such iis the well known ale or similar type lock Q YS. I The obj ect -of my invention is the producf tion of a key-duplicating machine of siinlicity of construction and operation which shall effectively, expeditiously and accurately produce a key similar tovaiiy given master or pattern key and which Vs'hall be. adapted to fit and operate the saine lock A further object of my invention is the production of a novel form of work-holding clamp which shall be inade of a single in tegial ieee of material and which shall bel firmly 'hold the master key and key blank during the cutting operation.

Other and further objects ofthe inven-` tion will appear from the followingfdescription. the invention consistingvin the novel parts and coilibia-ations of parts hereinafter more particularly described and then specified in the claims. y

In the `accom'panying drawings:

Figure 1 is a plan view of my improved l\, v-duplicating machine showing the cai'- riage with its 'work-holding clamps swung up manuallvto bring the master key'and key blank in operative position.

Fig. 2 is a rvertical cross-section on the line 2-2 Fig. l showing the work-holdingI clamps in operative position iii dotted'liiies and in inoperative position, with my iniproved key-positioning gage coperating with one of them, in full lines.

Fig. 3 is a front elevation of in v iinproved machine on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2.

tion of the cutting tool clamps. It is apparent,

' receive the fixed edge engages the front Fig. 4 is a vertical cross-section on the line Ll--4 of Fig. 5.

Fig. 5 is a front elevation of my improved key-positioning gage showing it,

holding a key blank in the proper position before the saine is transferred to the workliolding clamp of the machine.

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the major pait of the key-positioning gage.

Fig 7 is an end elevation of the key-.positioning gage. Fig. 8 is aside elevation (partly in section) of the barrel of a conventional form of cylinder lock; Fig. 9 is a vertical cross-section on `the line 2)#9 of Fig. 8. ln the key-duplicating machines of which I have knowledge it is the common practice, irrespective of the operation and construcand guiding linger,

to'piovivde'two clamps, identical in construction and size, one being adapted to hold the.

clamp the master or pattern key' and th`e other the key blank. The master key and key blank are usually positioned in their respective clamps by having their back or rear edges abut againstoi engage a stop or flange onv the clamps each of which occupies the same relative position on both clamps, and by also having the shoulder of the key adjacent the back or rear edge engage a fixed projection. or stop on each clamp. Thus the back edge of the key and the vshoulder adjacent the back edge have been inadethe determining factors for properly positioning the however, that when a key is inserted in a cylinder lock it is neither the back edge or the shoulder ad-y jacent the position of the key in ofthe key, as well as the shoulder adjacent the biting edge thereof, which determines its position for the reason that these grooves guides' in the barrel of the lock and the shoulder adjacent tlie'biting key and blank in`thel back edge lwhich determines the. the lock-but it is, rather either of the grooves eut in the sides face of the cylinder,

If these factors therefore are made the determining ones for properly positionlng the key and blank in the clamps, as' theyare 'Y according to my invention, there can beno doubt but that the duplicated key will properly fit the same lock as the master key.

In Fig. 8 I have shown the barrel of a conventional cylinder lock at 1 said barrel usually having a slot 2`cut in the bottom thereof through which the rear or. back edge of the key very often extends and with which the shoulder 3 adjacent the iear edge is in alinement but which shoulder does not engage any part of the barrel or lock. The back edge and shoulder adjacent the back edge in n o wise determine the position of the key in the lock and when these factors are made the determining ones for positioning the master key and blank in their re- Spective clamps the duplicated key will very often not fit the lock, one reason 'being that the stock of the key blank adjacent' its back edge very-often varies in width.

In Fig. 9, 4 indicates the usual guides of the lock adapted to enter the grooves cut in the sides of the key so that one or both of said grooves are determining factors as concerns the vertical position of the key in the lock while, as regards. its horizontal position, this is determined by the shoulder 4 which engages the face of the barrel 1.

Having in mind, therefore, that the grooves in the sides of a key and the shoul-- der adjacent its biting edge determine the properposition of a key in its lock and that these factors are really the ones which should be taken into vaccount when it is desired to properly position the master key and key blank in their respective clamps, I will proceed to describe my invention as illustrated in Figs. 1 to 7 inclusive wherein:

10 indicates the base 4of my improved key-duplicating machine which is provided with a body portion 11 having side plates 12 carrying rod 13, which connects the' same. -The carriage of the machine which is horizontally slidably mountedr on rod 13, is indicated at 14 and is provided with arms 15 and one-,piece work-holding clamps 16 and 16. The upper portions or heads of said clamps .are` preferablyenlarged and have scribed. The said clamps 16 and 16 are identical in size and construction and be- -ing of one-piece are more simple in construction and more easily manufactured than other clamps of which I have knowl-v edge,l They are drawn together by the bolts 18 as previously described and automatically return to unclamping position when the bolts are unscrewed or untightened due to the spring actionin the metal of thel clamps.

My improved key-positioning gage comprises a major member 21 and a minor member 22 of equal height and width detachably.

held together by a screw-threaded bolt 23 passing' therethrough, havin an operating thumb-nut 24 on its end. he said screwthreaded bolt 23 carries a spring 24 fitting in a recess in the major portion 21, vSaid spring 24 tending by its, action to forcev said major` and minor members apart. A

. slot 25 iscut in the lower portion of the body of both the major and minor members, said slot being adapted to receive the rib 26 formed yby the transverse slots 20 in the heads of the work-holding clamps and the width of the gage `is suoli that the lower partsof the major and minor members adjacent the slot 25 will also fit within the slots 20. The major member 21 is provided with a transverse slot 27- in its inner face adjacent the lower vend thereof and with teeth 28 adapted to engage the groove on either side of the key.v 29 indicates a U- sliaped piece adapted to lit snugly around three sides of the positioning gageto prevent a rotary movement of either the major or minor member with respect to-the other. Said U-shaped piece is provided with a slot 30 in the rear wall thereof through which the screw-threaded bolt 23 extends and 31 indicates an ordinary washer interposed between` the -U-shaped ,piece and the lthumb-nut 24. Obviouslyby means of the slot 30 the U-shaped piece 29 is capable of a vertical movement on the positioning gageand itmay be locked in any desired positlpn by a tightening of the thumbnut 2 To properly position the key in its Work-- holding clamp 16 itis placed in thevpositioning gage between the major member 21 and the minor member 22 with itsl biting edge 32 (see Fig. 5) facing upwardly and with the teeth 28 entering 'the groove 34 of the' key. The U-shaped .piece 29 is then raised or lowered to the proper position and the shoulder 33 of the key therewith, after which the thumb-nut 24 is tightened andthe key Kis rmly held in the desired position. To transfer the key in this position to the clamp 16, the jaws of the clampl are opened and the gage is mounted therein With the rib 26 of the clamp entering the slot 25 of the gage and the bottom poris pushed into enga/.gement tending upwardly 37 indi-Cates a ystandard having a shaft journaled therein which carries a ro-l slot 25 entertions of the gage adjacent the The clamp is ing the slots 20 of the clamp. then tightened by means 19 so that. the jaws thereof grip the key adjacent its back or rear edge, after which the gage is removed by uiilooscning the tlimnb-- nut 2i. -rl'he key blank is then positioned and held in the clamp 16 in the identical mann r. i

35 indicates a pivoted spring-pressed guiding finger suitably mounted in a posty 36 exfrom the body of the niachine.` tary cutting tool 3S removably inouinted thereon and held in position by a nut 39. Keyed to the other end of the shaft is a driving wheel 40 provided with a suitable groove adapted to receive a belt and having a handigJ il so that the cutting tool may be rotated either by hand or it may be power driven.

The duplicating operation is as follows:

\fte`r the master key andkey blank have been properly positioned in their respective clamps, the cutting tool 3S is rotated and the carriage li with its clamps is swung up manually on the rod 13 to cause either end of the biting edge of vthe master key to be pressed against the guiding finger against the action of its spring. The carriage is moved slowly and horizontally along thei-od 13. the master key at all timesbeing kept in engagement with the guiding finger. The forward movement of the carriage toward the guiding finger is limited by the depth of each indentation orv cut in the master key and an indentation or cut of equal depth will be made in the key blank by the ctutting tool as will `be obvious. 1G, 1G

Both clamps being rigidly secured to the carriage 1J: move them. 1f desireda wood or other bar (not shown) may be threaded longitudinally through the holes 50 in the clamps 16'. 1G' to form a` pressure bar for the hand of the op ei'ator to manipulate the carriage 14.

Vhat I claim as my invention is:

l, In ay key-duplicating machine` a earriage and work-holding clamps for clamping the master key and key blank and coniprising one-piece split rings secured to said carriage, said clamps being provided with means for forcing the' same into clamping position.

2. In a key-duplicating machine` a carriage slidably mounted on the machine and work-holding clamps for clamping the mastei` key and key blank and comprising onepieee split rings integral with said carriage, said clamps being provided with means for forcing the same into clamping position.

3. 1n a key-duplicating machine, a workholding clamp ysecured to the machine and comprising a one-piece ring With a slot cut 'together by manually engaging either one of of the winged nut.

therethrough having tlat opposed surfaces and means forl drawing together the parts of the. clamp adjacent the slot. to cla-mp a key therebetween.

L ln a key-duplicating machine, a pair of work-holding clamps for holding and clamp-` ing the master key and key blank and a ren movable positioning` gage adapted to coperate with said work-holding clamps and to position the master key and key blank between the same. in the same relative position and in a position determined by a groove i the side 'of the keys and the shoulder adjacentthe bit-ing edge thereof.

In a key-duplicating machine, a pair of work-holding clamps for holding and clamping the master key and key blank and having flat opposed surfaces and slots cut transversely across the top thereof and a removable gage adapted to position the mastei' key and key blank between the flat opposed surfaces of said clamps and being also adapted to fit within said slots.

(S. In `a key-duplicating machine, a pair o clamps therefor adapted to hold and clamp a master key and key blank and a removable positioning gage adapted to cooperate with said jaws and comprising a major and minor member removably held together and adapted to hold the master key or key blank therebetween by engagement of thegroove in one side of the master key or key blank and the flat face of the opposite side.

T. In a key-duplicating inachine,a pair of clamps therefor and a removable gage I adapted to Cooperate with said clamps and position a master key `and key blank between the jaws thereof and comprising a` major member and a minor member adapted to hold the master key or key blank therebetween and having means for preventing a, turning movement of one member with respect t-o the other.

S. ln a key-duplicating machine. a pair of clamps therefor and a ,y removable gage adapted vto cooperate with said clamps an to position a master key and key blank between the jaws thereof and comprising a major mei-niber and a minor member adapted to hold' the master key or key blank therebetween by engagement of a flat side of the iiiasterikey or key blank and a the' reverse side thereof and means for preventing aturning movement of one member with respect to the other, .sa-idmeans also acting as a stop for the shoulder of the master key or key blank adj acent. its biting edge.

9. In a key-duplicating machine, a pair of clamps therefor and a removable gage adapted to cooperate with said clamps and to position a master key and a key blank be-v tween the jaws thereof and comprising a major member and a minor member removably held together and adapted to hold the groove in master keyor key blank `herebetiween' by enbeing also capable of a vertical sliding 10 agement of a, flat side of the master key or movement on said age. ey blank and a groove on the reverse side l Signed at New ork, in the county of thereof, a U-shaped piece engaging three f New York and State of New York, this 20th sides of said gage and adapted to prevent a day of September, A. D. 1918. turning movement of one member with re- SAMUEL SEGAL. spect to the other and yacting as a stop for Witnesses: the shoulder of the master key or key blank C. F. TISCHNER, adjacent its biting edge, said U-shep'ed piece IRENE LEFKoWlTz. 

